BACKGROUNDS:\nTo investigate renal papillae attenuation value differences between control and stone former (SF) patients and to evaluate the impact of Hounsfield Unit (HU) measurements on the predictivity of stone development.\n\nMETHODS:\nWe compared papillae attenuation values in SF groups and a healthy stone-free control group. 88 primary and 98 recurrent SF patients whose metabolic evaluation had been carried out and 94 age-matched control patients were included to the study. Papillae tip attenuation was measured using non-enhanced computed tomography (CT) scans in HU for an area with a mean size of 0.2 cm2. Inclusion criteria to the study was determined as known stone composition (CaOx), unilaterality and radiological examination underwent in our own center.\n\nRESULTS:\n186 patients who met the criteria and 94 age-matched control patients were mainly divided into three groups such as primary SF (Group 1), recurrent SF group (Group 2) and control group (Group 3). Metabolic laboratuary variables which were compared between primary and recurrent SF did not show any significant difference, except urinary volume and phosphorus. Median (IQR) value of papilla HU density for control group is 26.23, for primary SF group is 26.50 and for recurrent SF group is 29. A significant difference in papilla HU levels for each group was found (p=0.008) (Table 2). \n\nCONCLUSIONS:\nThis study implies that HU values reflect the severity of the stone disease, although they could not discriminate controls from primary stone formers whose stone forming risk is low compared to recurrent stone formers.

OBJECTIVE:\nWe aimed to compare the protective effects of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) and vitamin E on ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury and to validate these effects with positron emission tomography. (PET).\nMATERIALS AND METHODS:\n56 male rats were randomly divided into 7 groups with 8 rats in each group. Group 1 was sham; group 2, I/R was induced; group 3, vitamin E (100 mg / kg) was administered in addition to I/R; In group 4, vitamin E was administered (no I/R); group 5, CoQ10 (10 mg / kg) was administered in addition to I/R; group 6, CoQ10 was administered (no I/R); group 7, vitamin E and CoQ10 were administered along with I/R.\nRESULTS\nThe increase in the grade score was statistically significant between Group 1 and Groups 2, 3, 5, 7 (p <0.05). Also statistically significant differences between Group 2 and Groups 4,6, 7; Group 3 and Group 4, 6; Group 4 and Group 5,7; Group 5 and 6 and between Group 6 and 7 (p < 0.05).\nThe decrease in the diameter of the seminiferous tubules (STD) was statistically significant when Group 1 was compared with Groups 2,3,5 and 7(p <0.05). \nBiochemical examination in terms of catalaz (CAT), statistically significant differences were found between Group 1 and Groups 2,3,4,5; Group 2 and Groups 3,4,5,6; Group 3 and Group 4,5,6; Group 4 and 7 and between Group 5 and 7 (p <0.05). \nCONCLUSION\nAlthough the antioxidants showed positive and consistent effects on histopathological and biochemical examinations, the SUV max. results did not significantly reflect these protective activities.

Objective: Our study aimed to contribute, to the limited number of studies comparing tamsulosin and silodosin in the treatment of distal ureteral Stones, with a higher patient population. \nMaterial and Methods: Between January 2010 and January 2016, patients with renal colic at the urology emergency clinic who were diagnosed with ureteral stones and followed up with conservative treatment were retrospectively screened. According to the inclusion-exclusion criteria patients were divided into three groups. Group 1: 150 patients followed with watchfull waiting; Group 2: 156 patients who received 0.4 mg of tamsulosin daily; Group 3: 159 patients who received 8mg of silodosin daily. The side effects of drugs used in the treatment, the duration of stone reduction and expulsion rates were evaluated and compared separately. \nResults: A total of 465 patients were included to the study. No statistically significant difference was found in terms of age, gender and stone size among the groups. Patient characteristics and results are shown in Table 1. Differences of stone expulsion rate between the groups at the first week werefound non-significant using the Chi-square test (p = 0.155). The stone expulsion rates after two weeks were found significantly different between Group 1 vs. Group 2 and Group 1 vs. Group 3. Stone expulsion rate after three weeks were found significantly different between Group 1 vs. Group 2 and Group 1 vs. Group 3. \nConclusion: According to our results, no statistically significant superiority between tamsulosin and silodosin was shown in the treatment of distal ureteral stones in the Turkish population.

Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L., AABBDD) is an allohexaploid (AABBDD, 2n=6x=42) originated from hybridization about 8000 years BC between a cultivated tetraploid wheat Triticum turgidum L. (AABB, 2n=4x=28) and the wild goat grass Aegilops tauschii (DD, 2n=2x=14). In order to synthesize bread wheat, crosses were carried out between 7 genotypes of durum wheat and 13 ecotypes of Aegilops tauschii of various origin. The production of synthetic hybrids was made with and without the implementation of embryo rescue technique. Four genotypes of durum wheat, which carry genes for the production of unreduced gametes, yielded partially fertile hybrids after cross with ecotypes of Aegilops tauschii. The percentage of germination of the grains harvested on these hybrids varied between 22.2% and 65.2%. Growth abnormalities were observed on hybrid plants. The barriers of incompatibility between the two species were manifested by leaf chlorosis and lethal necrosis of hybrid plants.

Abstract: An Epilepsy Seizure-detection system that can be utilized long-term and in-home situations for early interference and prevention of seizure associated with side effects became a need. In this paper, feature selection and classifier parameters estimation approach based on LOA are proposed as a framework for epilepsy detection on EEG signals. The proposed approach attempts to find the best integration of all the available features that offers typical epilepsy detection and a high classification rate. In this paper, the discrete wavelet transform (DWT) was utilized to decompose EEG signals into five sub-band components. Nonlinear parameters were extracted and employed as the features to train the support vector machine (SVM) classifier. Lion Optimization Algorithm (LOA) was applied for selecting the effective feature subset and optimizing the SVM parameters. The overall experimental results shows an improvement with 96.78% for accuracy, 92.49% for sensitivity, 98.45% for specificity, 91.31% for F-Measure and 92.28% for precision, using the LOA-SVM classifier compare with SVM that have obtained the following results; 80.05% for accuracy, 72.47% for sensitivity, 95.66% for specificity, 73.37% for F-Measure and 83.72% for precision. These findings are presented as an example of a method for training, testing and validating a seizure prediction technique on data from individual patients.

Existing buildings and facilities contain relatively static data. The data supports the facility operations, occupancy management, and project management on college campuses. The traditional data storage method is 2D system, which is paper documents, CAD drawings, or PDF files. The storage method system is fragmented and inefficient when it comes to retrieving and updating the parameters of a piece of the facility or equipment. BIM is an effective carrier to host, exchange, and upgrade the information.Traditional documentation method sometimes fails to serve in managing the development, rehabilitation and renovation of existing buildings. The lack of appropriate documents, change orders. To address the challenges of life-cycle management of buildings because of current documentation methods does not lend themselves toward managing the continuous changes to buildings. The researcher using one of BIM tools is Autodesk Revit for creating the recent document of case study.

Cutaneous melanoma is the most severe skin neoplasia with an increasing frequency and an increased incidence in the recent decades, particularly due to the intense exposure to sunlight. The prognosis of the patients with this condition is unfavorable, their median survival ranging between 6-8 months, with a 5-year survival rate of less than 5%. The purpose of this study was to analyze the characteristics of malignant melanoma, and the role of sentinel node biopsy in the diagnosis and prognosis of the patients with cutaneous melanoma by identifying the regional metastasis. The study was conducted on a sample of 151 patients diagnosed with melanoma in different developmental stages, in the Surgical Clinics of the Clinical Emergency County Hospital Oradea and Pelican Hospital from Oradea, in collaboration with the Cancer Institute Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuţă from Cluj Napoca, for a period of 4 years, i.e. 2010-2013. Considering 151 patients, of which 62 had Breslow index between 1-4 mm, 71 patients had Breslow index ˃ 4 mm and 18 patients had Breslow index < 1 mm. 45 patients out of 62 with Breslow index between 1-4 mm had SLN positive, and it was performed the regional complete lymph node dissection. The mortality rate was 5% in the case of the patients with SLN positive. Comparing the rate of mortality considering the Breslow index, 65% of the patients with Breslow index ˃ 4 mm, died. The correct identification of the patients with negative sentinel node or positive sentinel node improves staging and can facilitate the subsequent therapeutic decision, which is useful for early identification of the micro metastases and of the patients who require regional complete lymph node dissection.